Vincent van Gogh, the eldest son of a Dutch Protestant minister, Theodorus van Gogh (1822-1885), and Anna Cornelia Carbentus (1819-1907), was born on March 30, 1853, in the southern Netherlands province of Brabant. Vincent had four younger siblings: Anna (1855-1930), Theo (1857-1891), Elisabeth (1859-1936), and Willemien (1862-1941).
In 1866, at the age of 13, Vincent was sent to boarding school in Zevenbergen and began studying drawing. He went on to attend grammar school in Tilburg in 1868. In May 1869, Vincent became an apprentice at the art dealership Goupil & Cie in The Hague, and later he worked in their branches in Brussels and London.
Vincent's father moved the family to Helvoirt in 1871, and after a falling out with his employer, Vincent left Goupil in 1876. He attempted to become a pastor, but was unsuccessful and became an informal missionary in the Borinage coal mining region of Belgium. This experience, along with financial troubles, led Vincent to turn to art to express himself.
In 1880, Vincent decided to pursue art full-time and moved to Brussels to study. In 1881, he moved to The Hague to study with his cousin Anton Mauve, and in 1882, he began studying with his cousin's wife, Francina van Gogh. Vincent had a difficult romantic relationship during this time with his cousin's former fiancée, Clasina Maria Hoornik.
In 1886, Vincent moved to Paris and studied with artists such as Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, Emile Bernard, and Paul Gauguin. He was deeply influenced by the color theory and techniques of the Impressionists and Post-Impressionists.
In 1888, Vincent moved to Arles, in the south of France, where he hoped to start an artist's colony with Gauguin. However, their relationship deteriorated and Vincent famously cut off part of his own ear. He was admitted to a mental hospital in Saint-Rémy, where he painted many of his most famous works, including "The Starry Night" and "Irises."
Vincent left the hospital in 1890 and settled in Auvers-sur-Oise, near Paris, where he painted prolifically until his death on July 29, 1890. He is now remembered as one of the greatest artists of all time.
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